What is the primary function of a rectifier in electrical systems?

The primary function of a rectifier in electrical systems is to change alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). This process is essential for many electronic devices that require a stable DC voltage to operate efficiently. Rectifiers achieve this by allowing current to flow in only one direction, thus converting the bidirectional flow of AC into a unidirectional flow of DC.

In practical applications, rectifiers are widely used in power supplies for electronic devices, as most devices such as computers, smartphones, and various industrial equipment require DC voltage. By converting AC to DC, rectifiers enable these devices to function correctly, ensuring a reliable and continuous power supply.

The other options represent different functions that do not pertain to the role of a rectifier. For example, transforming mechanical energy into electrical energy pertains to generators, while storing electrical energy relates to batteries or capacitors. Each of these components plays a distinct role in electrical systems, but the rectifier's specific function is solely focused on the conversion between AC and DC.